Preview the article. Match the subheading with the correct information from the reading.

_____ 1.	Carmen Salva’s Mission
_____ 2.	Starting Esperanza de Vida
_____ 3.	Motivated Youth
_____ 4.	Important Lessons

A.	what Esperanza de Vida is teaching children and parents
B.	how hard students work to clean up the environment on weekends
C.	how Salva feels about cleaning up her environment 
D.	what led Salva to create a youth environmental group

Read the article. 

Cleaning Her Mountains One Bottle at a Time 
Carmen Salva’s Mission
1 TILCARA, Argentina—Carmen Salva’s mission may be ambitious, but her belief is simple: “It’s never too early to start caring for the land you live in and grow up in. It’s a great joy to know that I am preparing a new generation to respect the environment.” 
That’s why on Saturdays, Salva and a group of 60 to 100 students, parents, and teachers can be found venturing into their mountains, trash bags in hand and llamas in tow. They’re part of Esperanza de Vida (Hope for Life), Salva’s youth environmental group that is trying to clean up the surroundings, one plastic bottle at a time. 
Starting Esperanza de Vida
2 Salva was born and raised in the Jujuy (pronounced hoo-whee) province of northern Argentina, an area known for its rich culture and spectacular vistas. Despite its beauty, Salva says there’s no real environmental consciousness in her community. “We have a lot of issues to work on—the problem of water contamination; there’s so much trash,” Salva says. “We can’t just think that it will take care of itself.” 
“Our city had no formal recycling program,” says Salva, so she began Esperanza de Vida in 1997 to organize and lead young participants in “making our streets and our environment cleaner.” At first, the group’s activities were limited to cleaning parks near and around the school. But the organization’s efforts have expanded well beyond the immediate area, and other Jujuy schools have joined in. About 150 people now take part, including about 80 children. 
Motivated Youth
3 Salva and fellow teachers have noticed their students apply as much energy and commitment to the weekend environmental activities as they do to their general subjects. “Some even wait by my house on Saturday for the program to begin,” beams Salva. 
The group convenes early in the morning to hike together into the mountains, where they work for hours, picking up trash and separating recyclables. On an average Saturday cleanup, it’s not unusual for the group to collect roughly 60 bags of trash for recycling, clearing thousands of bottles. The llamas help carry the heavy load down from the mountains. The local government helps to transport the collected recyclables to the drop-off center, nearly 50 miles away. 
Important Lessons
4 Salva says the group is raising awareness, adding new volunteers, and implementing new projects. The children are even teaching their parents to care for the environment around them. “It’s a great joy to know that I am preparing a new generation to respect the environment,” says Salva. “Their children’s children will have another mentality, and our goal will be accomplished.”

Read the statements.  Write T (true) or F (false).
_____ 5.	Only students and teachers can join Esperanza de Vida.
_____ 6.	Salva began Tilcara’s first formal recycling program.
_____ 7.	On an average Saturday, the group collects 50 bags of trash.
_____ 8.	Students carry the bags of trash down from the mountains.
_____ 9.	Salva wants to prepare new generations to respect the environment.

Complete the sentence with the correct word from the word bank:
achievement     confront     constrained     inclined     pursue     resolve

10.	After a bad fall, the athlete could have quit, but he had the ____________________ to pick himself up and keep going.
11.	Graduating from college is a great ____________________ in a person’s life.
12.	Joan is interested in the medical field, so she wants to ____________________a career in nursing.
13.	The runners had to ____________________ many steep hills during the 26-mile race.
14.	The parents wanted to talk after the picnic in the park, but the children were ____________________ to play on the playground.
15.	It is easy to be ____________________by fear, but it is harder to overcome it.

Match the sentence with the word that completes it. 
_____ 16.	The city decided to _____ $2 million to its new recycling program.
_____ 17.	Wildlife biologists often _____ into wild areas to discover unknown plants and animals.
_____ 18.	Members of the committee _____ monthly to discuss how to keep their neighborhood clean.
_____ 19.	The team needed to _____ the boat for its unique job of carrying the trash that they found in the river.
_____ 20.	The school used _____ from used book sales to purchase brand-new books for its library.
_____ 21.	All the _____ who helped clean the beach after the hurricane were volunteers.	A.	venture
B.	convene
C.	proceeds
D.	allocate
E.	customize
F.	participants	

Read the dictionary entry.

vi•sion• noun
1 [U] the ability to see; the area that you can see from a particular position: to have good/perfect/poor/blurred/normal vision ♦ Cats have good night vision. ♦ The couple moved out of her field of vision. ♦ He glimpsed something on the edge of his vision.
2 [C] an idea or a picture in your imagination: He had a vision of a world in which there would be no wars. ♦ I had visions of us getting hopelessly lost.
3 [C] a dream or similar experience, especially of a religious kind: The idea came to her in a vision.
4 [U] the ability to think about or plan the future with great imagination and intelligence SYN foresight: a leader of vision
5 [C] a ~ (of sth) (literary) a person of great beauty or who shows the quality mentioned: She was a vision in white lace. ♦ a vision of loveliness
6 [U] the picture on a television or movie theater screen: We apologize for the loss of vision.

Match the sentence with the number that completes it.
_____ 22.	The word vision has _____ definition(s).
_____ 23.	The dictionary entry gives _____ example sentence(s) for the first definition of vision.
_____ 24.	The word vision has _____ syllable(s).
_____ 25.	The dictionary entry gives _____ synonym(s) for the word vision.	A.	one
B.	two
C.	three
D.	six	

Choose the best response.
26. Which of the following adjectives is NOT used in a collocation with vision? 
A.	perfect
B.	blurred
C.	normal
D.	black
27.	Which of the following prepositions is used after vision?
A.	of
B.	on 
C.	with
D.	under

Correct the error in the use of relative clauses in the sentence.

28.	She is a person which cares a lot about helping others.
__________________________________________________________________
29.	The company sells bottles that they are made from recycled plastic.
__________________________________________________________________
30.	The city cleans up trash that people throw it on the streets.
__________________________________________________________________
31.	The program needs a director is an expert in recycling.
__________________________________________________________________
Combine each pair of sentences using a relative clause beginning with who, that, or which.

32.	A superhero is a person.  He or she has a lot of courage.
__________________________________________________________________
33.	My dad is someone.  I consider him a hero.
__________________________________________________________________
34.	The library received books.  They were donated by a charity organization.
_________________________________________________________________

Complete the paragraph with the sentences below.

Yohannes Gebregeorgis is someone who has the qualities of a superhero. (35) _____ As a young man, he realized there were no children’s books in libraries in Ethiopia. He wanted to help children have access to books, so he started a nonprofit organization to bring children’s libraries to his country. After some time, the organization was able to provide children’s books to the libraries in his country. Children in Ethiopia were finally able to check out books from the library.  (36) _____ He faced many challenges while trying to accomplish his goal. (37) _____ To meet this challenge, Gebregeorgis decided to write his own children’s book in Amharic. He also knew children in small villages had less access to libraries, so he customized a trailer-cart that brings books to their hometowns on a weekly basis. (38) _____ He engages in activities that help empower Ethiopian children. (39) _____ He hopes that the children he reads to will continue his message of empowerment in the future. (40) _____

A.	In addition, Gebregeorgis is a hero because he has never given up. 
B.	First of all, he has used his life to do something good that helps others. 
C.	For example, he realized that there were no children’s books written in Amharic, the primary language of Ethiopia. 
D.	Finally, Gebregeorgis is a hero because he acts as a model for others. 
E.	Thanks to his hard work, dedication, and self-sacrifice, Gebregeorgis has become a hero who has increased literacy in Ethiopia, one child at a time. 
F.	For example, he often reads storybooks to children to share his love of reading with younger generations so they realize the importance of literacy.